Joe allows his dimwitted nephew, Norm, to hang around the hardware store that Joe owns and mingle with customers. He also gives Norm a "Joe's Hardware Store" shirt to wear, similar to that worn by the salesmen in the store. Joe never intends Norm to be an employee. One day, Norm sells a lawn mower to Frank for $100, half the listed price of $200. Joe refuses to deliver the lawn mower to Frank. Frank sues Joe. Who wins and why?

Group of answer choices

Joe wins because Norm was never intended by him to be his agent

Frank wins because Norm had apparent authority

Frank wins because of the doctrine of ratification

none of the above