Joe who is 45, had some tooth pain in one of his molars so went to her dentist.Looking over Joes teeth the dentist told him he would need his teeth 'built up'.Joe didn't know what this meant, with the belief that the dentist knew was he was talking about he asked no further questions.the dentist then proceeded on with the treatment 'built up' and he build up and around the tops of all four lower canines. however, this left the canine teeth too high, something that Joe was never made aware of.Joe was still complaining of his teeth aching and so went to another dentist in which he was told that the build up was necessary on the lower teeth.

Focusing on the tort of battery answer the following questions. Make reference to existing precedents (cases) in Australia

is there a direct and intentional/negligent act by the dentist?

did the dentist's action cause bodily contact with Joe?

did the contact occur without Joe's consent?

was the contact harmful or offensive?