Calcium fluoride, CaF2, is a very slightly soluble salt. In Example 17.4, we calculated its solubility from
Question:
Calcium fluoride, CaF2, is a very slightly soluble salt. In Example 17.4, we calculated its solubility from the solubility constant, assuming that the solubility equilibrium represented by Ksp was the only important one. However, a solution of the salt does contain the species HF. Where does this come from? Would you expect this to increase or decrease the solubility as we calculated it in the example? Using the fluoride-ion concentration that we calculated in the example, obtain the concentration of HF in the solution. From this, decide how important the formation of fluoride ion is in determining the solubility of calcium fluoride. Without doing any calculations, decide how important you think a similar effect would be in determining the solubility of calcium carbonate. Explain.
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The HF comes from the reaction of the conjugate base F with water Its formation should increase the ...View the full answer
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The experiment aims to show the impact of various beverages on teeth by using eggs as a representation of enamel. Three eggs are boiled and then placed in glasses filled with fizzy drinks, vinegar, and mango juice for 24 hours. The shells of eggs are similar to enamel as they are composed of calcium carbonate, and enamel is primarily made of calcium phosphate. The eggs are then observed to demonstrate the effects of the different liquids on teeth and the importance of brushing regularly.
The egg placed in fizzy drink has turned dark in color but can be cleaned by brushing with toothpaste and rinsing with water. The egg placed in vinegar has had its shell softened due to the chemical reaction of vinegar and calcium carbonate, which can\'t be reversed. This highlights the fact that acids are more damaging to teeth than other substances. The egg placed in mango juice represents the process of bacteria in the mouth converting sugars and starches into acids that form plaque, which can be prevented by brushing. The use of fluoride in toothpaste is also highlighted as it slows down the demineralization process and protects the enamel. The importance of brushing teeth twice a day is emphasized.
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