John is a partner in BCD partnership. He took out a $$5,000$ recourse loan and contributed the $$5,000$ to the partnership. Payments he makes on the loan with his own funds will: $1.$ be treated as a partner distribution, $2.$ decrease John's at$-$risk basis, $3.$ have no effect on John's at$-$risk basis, $4.$ increase John's at$-$risk basis