John is the leader of a small work team that is responsible for developing new safety standards for a small construction company. The group has been having difficulty developing new standards because John's instructions have been extremely unclear. He has stated a general goal, but he has not given the group any specific directions. John could probably improve this group's ability to complete its task if he would

use higher$-$level abstraction to present the overall goal, followed by lower$-$level abstractions when he explains exactly how to complete the task

use only lower$-$level abstractions when he gives directions to the group

use more jargon from the construction field when he gives directions to the group

use terms that are more equivocal when he gives directions to the group