Kepler's second law tells us that the speed of a planet changes over the course of an elliptical orbit. A planet moves faster when its orbit brings it closer to the Sun and slower when further away, which means it will spend more time far from the Sun than close by. We can use the simulation to figure this out how much extra time the Earth spends far from the Sun. Change the tab in the bottom left panel to Kepler's 2nd law and apply the following settings: sweep continuously: on and adjust size: minimum (all the way to the left, for a fractional sweep size of 1/40). Return the planet's parameters back to current Earth values in the top right panel (eccentricity should be 0.017). Using your mouse, drag the Earth so that it sits on the line directly below the Sun. Now click start sweeping in the lower left. Allow the planet to make a full orbit then click pause animation in the middle right panel. The entire orbit should be filled with colored circles. If it isn't, read this paragraph more carefully and try again! The colored wedges show areas swept out by Earth's orbit in