Kindly make it as fast as possible. Don't use any GPT or Simulator/Tools. A handwritten solution will be appreciated.

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a)whiwhichch In the research lab of a university there is a high-performing computer which can be used for research works on parallel computing. In a particular semester, four research groups are working on separate projects on parallel computing. One day four groups came together at the lab and were willing to use the high- performing computer at the same time.

Explain with proper logic, what issue has been raised in the above scenario and what will be the approach to provide proper synchronization to the issue according to the problem statement.

b) In a certain match of PMCO two players from team "xyz" Action and Top started a debate over the sniping role of the team. Both of them are good in long range and in the match, Top found out a sniper weapon but he has no scopes. As a result, he is unable to use the sniper for the long range. On the contrary, Action has an 8x scope but he does not have any sniper weapon. Which means he is unable to use the scope. Both of them are willing to play as a sniper and for that Top is demanding the scope from Action and Action is demanding the sniper weapon from Top. But nobody is willing to make the compromise. Therefore, neither of them can play as a sniper. Logically explain what issue has occurred in the above scenario.

2.

a) We have various ways to overcome deadlock in a system. Among these approaches is the strategy of ignoring it and relying on system restarts to resolve the deadlock. Despite the need for restarting the system, this method remains popular. Discuss why this strategy is commonly employed and mention the type of system that may utilize this method

3.

a) Arrays are stored in contiguous memory locations to optimize access to array elements, yet allocating processes in contiguous memory locations is discouraged. Explain why this is not recommended in terms of space complexity.

b) A system with an associative lookup time of 5ns, and memory access time of 85ns, what should be the approximate hit ratio to achieve Effective Access Time of 146ns?