Kumba Resources is evaluating four major projects which have either two- or three year lives. The company has raised all of its capital in the form of equity and has never borrowed money. This is partly due to the success of the business in generating income and partly due to an insistence by the dominant managing director that borrowing is to be avoided if at all possible. Shareholders in Kumba Resources regard the company as relatively risky, given its existing portfolio of projects. Other companys shares in this risk class have generally given a return of 16 per cent per annum and this is taken as the opportunity cost of capital for the investment projects. The risk level for the proposed projects is the same as that of the existing range of activities.

T0 T1 T2 T3

A -5266 2500 2500 2500

B -8000 0 0 1000

C -2100 200 2900 0

D -1975 1600 800 0

Ignore taxation and inflation. Required:

1.1. The managing director has been on a one-day intensive course to learn about project appraisal techniques. Unfortunately, during the one slot given over to NPV he had to leave the room to deal with a business crisis, and therefore does not understand it. He vaguely understands IRR and insists that you use this to calculate which of the four projects should be proceeded with, if there are no limitations on the number which can be undertaken. (10)

1.2. State which is the best project if they are mutually exclusive (i.e. accepting one excludes the possibility of accepting another), using IRR. (3)

1.3. Use the NPV decision rule to rank the projects and explain why, under conditions of mutual exclusivity, the selected project differs from that under (1.2. above) (4)

1.4. Write a report for the managing director, detailing the value of the net present value method for shareholder wealth enhancement and explaining why it may be considered of greater use than IRR. (8)