Lawnacre was conveyed to Celeste and Donald by a deed that created a joint tenancy with right of survivorship. Two years later, Celeste, by deed, conveyed "my undivided one-half interest in Lawnacre to Paul." Celeste died two months after her conveyance to Paul. Donald claims he owns Lawnacre as the survivor between Celeste and Donald. In an appropriate action between Paul and Donald in which title to Lawnacre is at issue, Donald will

a- prevail because he is the sole owner of Lawnacre.
b-prevail if, but only if, the deed creating the joint tenancy between Celeste and Donald was recorded.

c-not prevail if he had knowledge of the conveyance prior to Celeste's death.
d-not prevail because Paul and Donald own Lawnacre as tenants in common.