Liquid chlorine is unloaded from rail tankers into a storage vessel. To provide the necessary NPSH $($Net Positive Suction Head$),$ the transfer pump is placed in a pit below ground level. The maximum flow rate is $16,000k\frac{g}{h}.$ The total length of the pipeline from the rail tanker outlet to the pump inlet is $50m.$ The vertical distance from the tanker outlet to the pump inlet is $10m.$ Commercial steel piping, $50mm$ internal diameter $(D)$ is used.

Miscellaneous friction losses due to the tanker outlet constriction and the pipe fittings in the inlet piping are equal to $1000$ equivalent pipe diameters. The vapor pressure of chlorine at the maximum temperature reached at the pump is $685k\frac{N}{m^2}$ and its density and viscosity, $1286k\frac{g}{m^3}$ and $0\mathrm{.}364mN{m}^{-2}s.$ The pressure in the tanker is $\frac{7}{b}ar.$ The table below lists typical roughness $(e)$ values for commercial pipes.

$\backslash$table$[[$Typical Roughness $($e$)$ Values,,$],[$Cast Iron,$0\mathrm{.}25mm,0\mathrm{.}001in$