Log in to the Linux virtual machine, and complete the following tasks through the Bash shell.

Note: All screenshots you capture must show the VMware Workstation tabs$.$

Change and list directories.

a$.$ Change the directory to the $/$etc directory. $(3$ marks$)$

b$.$ Display your current working directory. $(3$ marks$)$

c$.$ How do you go to the root directory? $(3$ marks$)$

d$.$ List the contents of the root directory. $(3$ marks$)$

e$.$ How do you list a long listing of the root directory? $(3$ marks$)$

Manage files and directories.

a$.$ Create a directory called "testyourfirstname" $($e$.$g$.,$ testjohn$)$ in your home directory.

$(3$ marks$)$

b$.$ Remove the directory created in previous step. $(3$ marks$)$

c$.$ Create a directory called "demoyourfirstname $"($e$.$g$.,$ demojohn$)$ in your home directory.

$(3$ marks$)$

d$.$ Create the following files in the directory created in the previous step: file$1.$txt and

file$2.$txt$.(3$ marks$)$

e$.$ Rename file$2.$txt to "yourfirstname" $($e$.$g$.,$ john$).(3$ marks$)$

f$.$ Create a directory called "yourfirstnamebackup" $($e$.$g$.,$ johnbackup$),$ and copy into it all

the files from the "demoyourfirstname" directory created in previous step. $(3$ marks$)$

g$.$ Use one command to remove the directory "yourfirstnamebackup" and all files in it$.$

$(3$ marks$)$

h$.$ Create the following two files and add some text in them: march.txt and may.txt$.$

$(3$ marks$)$

Make links between files.

a$.$ Create a hard link to march.txt called "hlmarch.txt$,"$ and verify the link count for the

original and the new linked file. The link count should be $2$ for both files. $(3$ marks$)$

b$.$ Create a symbolic link to may.txt called "slmay.txt$,"$ and verify it$.(3$ marks$)$

Create users and groups.

a$.$ Create the following users with username $($lowercase$)$ as their last name, password

"secret" and their full name in the comment. $(3$ marks$)$

i$.$ Cody Bowman

ii$.$ Eric Hunter

iii. Michael Smith

b$.$ Verify the users created in the previous step, and add a file called "yourfirstname.txt$"$ in

their home directory. $(3$ marks$)$

c$.$ Change the password policy of any of the above user accounts to require a new

password every $10$ days. $(3$ marks$)$

d$.$ Create the following groups: admin, accounts and manager. $(3$ marks$)$

e$.$ Make smith, brown and hunter members of the following groups: admin, accounts and

manager. $(3$ marks$)$

Set file permissions.

a$.$ Log in as normal user, and create a directory called $"/$test$."$ Create a file called

"yourfirstname.txt$,"$ which is owned by you in the directory. $(3$ marks$)$

b$.$ Copy a file owned by root from $/$etc$/$ to your test directory. Who owns this copy of the

file? $(3$ marks$)$

c$.$ Switch to root user, and create a file called "rootuserfile" in the user's $\frac{}{?}$ test directory.

$(3$ marks$)$

d$.$ As normal user, find out who owns this file called "rootuserfile" created by root. $(3$ marks$)$

e$.$ Change the ownership of all files in the $/$test directory to yourself. You must have all

rights to these files and assign others read$-$only access. $(3$ marks$)$