Madden International is a large ($7 billion sales), successful international pharmaceuticals firm operating in 23 countries with 15 autonomous subsidiaries. The corporate office consists of five vice presidents who oversee the operations of the subsidiaries. These five vice presidents report to two executive vice presidents, who in turn report to the resident of the firm. The 15 subsidiaries specialize by pharmaceutical type and in some cases by country. The pace of innovation in this industry is very fast. In addition, each country has its own elaborate regulatory environment that controls new drug introduction, pricing, and distribution. Each market has its own peculiarities concerning hospital drug purchases. It is an understatement to say that Madden International operates in a very complex world that changes daily. The corporate office requires each subsidiary to maintain an elaborate, detailed budget and control system. The following points summarize the budget and control systems in each subsidiary: -One, three and five-year budgets are prepared each year The vice president overseeing the subsidiary looks for three and five year budgets that stretch the subsidiary