. Make sure to use energy arguments only. Do not use kinematics to solve the problems. - Answer all questiOns on your own sheets of paper. 1. A crate was pushed down a frictionless ramp. Its initial speed at the top of the ramp was 3.2 m/s. its speed when it reached the bottom of the ramp was 9.7 m/s. The ramp makes an angle of 25 with the horizontal. How long is the ramp? [5 marks] 2. A wrecking ball hangs from a crane on 10.0 m of cable. If the crane swings the wrecking ball so that the wrecking ball is at rest when the cable makes an angle of 30.0" to the vertical, what will the Speed of the wrecking ball be as it falls back to the vertical position? [5 marks] 3. A worker on the roof of a building that is under construction dropped a wrench Over the edge. Another workman on the eighth oor saw the wrench go by and determined that its speed at that level was 33.147 m/s. The rst floor of the building is 12.0 m high, and each successive floor if 8.00 m high. Neglecting air friction, how many oors does the building have? How fast was the wrench falling just before it hit the ground? [5 marks] 4. A 1.2 x 103 kg Toyota Echo is accelerating dam a hill. The hill is 150. m long and the total decline in elevation of the hill is 15 m. The car accelerates from a speed of 2.0 m/s at the top of the hill to an unknown speed at the bottom of the hill in 11 s. The power of the car is 9.6 kW, while the average retarding force of air resistance is 6.00 x 102 N. Find the speed of the car at the bottom of the hill. [5 marks] 5. Leviathan, the tallest roller coaster in Canada1 is 93.3 m at its highest point. What is the maximum theoretical speed of the roller coaster? The top speed for the roller coaster is actually 41.1 m/s. What percentage of energy is lost to the surroundings? Name two types of energy lost to the surroundings. [5 marks]