Managing successfully in today's business environment requires striking a balance between efficiency and motivation; simply figuring out the best way to perform a job is not enough. To compete for and retain top talent, companies need to design jobs that employees find interesting and satisfying. The Job Characteristics Model, developed by Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham, puts forward five ke characteristics to motivate employees: skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback. Review the section on "Designing Jobs That Motivate." In this exercise, you will look at several practical methods of job design that attempt to achieve one or more of these characteristics. Roll over each item to read a scenario. Then drag each item to the associated job design option that would best address the issue. Store policy requires that all refunds are authorized by a manager, but this can be very frustrating for both cashiers and customers when checkout lines are long. Sick days Frustration Tardiness Defect rate Boredom Space issues Performance appraisals Turnover Job Enlargement Job Enrichment Flextime Telework