Many companies in the mobile phone industry have implemented the Miles & Snow prospector strategy typology. With a constant changing industry, these companies invest a lot of money into research and development. In the competing values$-$approach to effectiveness, which primary quadrant would these type of companies likely be in$?$

a$.$

human relations emphasis

b$.$

rational$-$goal emphasis

c$.$

internal$-$process emphasis

d$.$

open$-$goals emphasis

e$.$

open$-$systems emphasis