Master Budget Case: MKD Ltd. MKD Ltd. is a company that manufactures and sells a single product, which they call a Sera For planning and control purposes, they utilize a monthly master budget, which is usually developed at least six months in advance of the budget year. Their fiscal year end is December 31 During the summer of 2007, Chris Leigh, the MKD controller, spent considerable time with Pat Frazer, the Manager of Marketing, putting together a sales forecast for the next budget year (January to December, 2008). Unfortunately, their collaboration worked so well they eloped to Las Vegas, were married by an Elvis impersonator, and settled down somewhere in the desert. Prior to their departure they e- mailed letters of resignation and a cryptic sales forecast to the President of MKD. Their sales forecast consisted of these few lines: For the year ended December 31, 2007: 475,000 units at $10.00 each For the year ended December 31, 2008: 500,000 units at $10.00 each For the year ended December 31, 2009: 500,000 units at $10.00 each "Expected sales for the year ended December 31, 2007 are based on actual sales to date and budgeted sales for the duration of the year MKD President felt certain that the marriage wouldn't last, and expected Chris would be back any day. But the end of the year is quickly approaching, and there is still no word from the desert The President, desperately needing the budget completed, has approached you, a management accounting student, for help in preparing the budget for the coming fiscal year. Your conversations with the president and your investigations of the company's records have revealed the following information 1. Peak months for sales correspond with gift-giving holidays. History shows that January March, May and June are the slowest months with only 1 of sales for each month. Sales pick up over the summer with July August and September each contributing to the total Valentines Day in February boost sales to and Easter in April accounts for 1096. As Christmas shopping picks up momentum deben mann 20 . m adhamankan January, March, May and June are the slowest months with only 1% of sales for each month. Sales pick up over the summer with July, August and September each contributing 2% to the total. Valentines Day in February boosts sales to 5%, and Easter in April accounts for 10%. As Christmas shopping picks up momentum, winter sales start at 15% in October, move to 20% in November and then peak at 40% in December. This pattern of sales is not expected to change in the next two years 2. From previous experience, management has determined that an ending inventory equal to 25% of the next month's sales is required to fit the buyer's demands 3. Because sales are seasonal, MKD must rent an additional storage facility from September to December to house the additional inventory on hand. The only related cost is a flat $20,000 per month payable at the beginning of the month 4. There is only one type of raw material used in the production of Sera Space-age acrylic (SAA) is a very compact material that is purchased in powder form. Each Sera requires 5 kilograms of SAA at a cost of $0.45 per kilogram. The supplier of SAA tends to be somewhat erratic so MKD finds it necessary to maintain an inventory balance equal to 40% of the following month's production needs as a precaution against stock outs. MKD pays for 20% of a month's purchases in the month of purchase, 45% in the following month and the remaining 35% two months after the month of purchase. There is no early payment discount 5. Beginning accounts payable will consist of $208,406.50 arising from the following estimated direct material purchases for November and December of 2007: SAA purchases in November 2007: $223,875.00 SAA purchases in December 2007 $162,563.50 6. MKD's manufacturing process is highly automated, so their direct labour cost is low. Employees are paid on a per unit basis. Their total pay each month is, therefore, dependent on production volumes and averages $9.00 per hour. This rate already includes the employer's portion of employee benefits. All payroll costs are paid in the period in which they are incurred Each unit spends a total of 18 minutes in production 7. Due to the similarity of the equipment in each of the production stages and the company's concentration on a single product manufacturing overhead is allocated based on volume le. the units produced) The unit variable overhead manufacturing rate is $1.30, consisting of: Utilities.-30.60; Indirect Materials--$0.20; Plant maintenance 10.30 environmental fee $0.14 and Other $0.06. 8. The foxed manufacturing overhead costs for the entire year are as follows: Training and development $43,200 Property and business taxes 39.000 Supervisor's salary 149,400 Amortization on equipment 178,800 Insurance 96,000 Other 112.600 $ 024.000 The property and business taxes are paid on June 30 of each year. The expected payment for next yew is $39.600. The annual insurance premium is paid at the beginning of September each year. There should be no change in the premium from last year All other "cash-related fixed manufacturing overhead costs are incurred evenly over the year and paid as incurred. MKD uses the straight line method of amortization 9. Selling and administrative expenses are known to be a mixed cost; however, there is a lot of uncertainty about the portion that is foed. Previous year's experience has provided the following information: Lowest level of sales: 375,000 units Total Operating Expenses: $778,710 Highest level of sales: 750,000 units Total Operating Expenses: $1,022,460 These costs are paid in the month in which they occur. Not included in the above expenses is bad debt expense 10. Sales are on a cash and credit basis with 55% collected during the month of the sale 35% the following month, and 9 596 the month thereafter. Y of 1% of sales are considered uncollectible (bad debt expense) 11. Sales in November and December 2007 are expected to be $700,000 and $1.500,000 respectively. Based on the above collection patter this will result in Accounts Receivable of $734,000 at December 31, 2007 which will be collected in January and February 2008 12. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 200B, MKD will be required to make monthly income tax installment payments of $5,000. Outstanding income taxes from the year ended December 31, 2007 must be paid in April 2008. Income tax expense is estimated to be 25% of net income. Income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2008, in excess of installment payments, will be paid in April, 2009. 13. MKD is planning to acquire additional manufacturing equipment for $204,300 cash. 40% of this amount is to be paid in November 2008, the rest in December 2008 The manufacturing overhead costs shown above already include the amortization on this equipment 14. An arrangement has been made with the local bank that if MKD maintains a minimum balance of $20,000 in the bank account they wil be given a line of credit at a preferred rate of 6% per annum. All borrowing is considered to happen on the first day of the month, repayments are on the last day of the month. Al borrowings and repayments from the bank should be in multiples of $1.000 and interest must be paid at the end of each month. Interest is calculated on the balance at the beginning of the month, which includes any amounts borrowed that month. 15. MKD Lid. has a policy of paying dividends at the end of each quarter. The president tells you that the board of directors is planning on continuing their policy of declaring dividends of $50 000 per quarter 16. A listing of the estimated balances in the company's ledger accounts as of December 31, 2007 is given below. Assets Cash $ 83,365 Accounts receivable 734,000 Inventory-raw materials 9,000 Inventory-finished goods 9,125 Prepaid Insurance 64,000 Prepaid property and business taxes Capital assets (net) 724.000 Total assets $1.642.690 19,200 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Accounts payable $ 208,407 Income taxes payable 21,500 Capital stock 1,000,000 Retained Earnings 412.783 Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $1.642 Required: 1. Prepare a monthly master budget for MKD for the year ended December 31, including the following schedules: Sales Budget & Schedule of Cash Receipts Production Budget Direct Materials Budget & Schedule of Cash Disbursements Direct Labour Budget Manufacturing Overhead Budget Ending Finished Goods Inventory Budget Seling and Administrative Expense Budget Cash Budget