Medical research has shown the negative health effects of "secondhand" smoke. If you are a smoker and you wish to continue smoking, describe the effect of the following legislative proposals on your behavior. As a result of these programs, do you benefit? Does society as a whole benefit? Please restrict your analysis/ arguments to economic terms. Graphs are not needed.

a. A bill is proposed that would lower tar and nicotine levels in all cigarettes.

b. A tax is levied on each pack of cigarettes (i.e. tax on the producers).

c. A tax is levied on each pack of cigarettes sold (i.e. tax on the consumers).

d. Smokers would be required to carry government-issued smoking permits at all times.