MIS201 Assignment Assignment-2 submission date End of 6th Week 1. Compare and contrast the two major types of networks 2. Describe the four categories of ethical issues related to information technology 3. Explain the six problems that can be minimized using the database approach ECOM201: Introduction to E-Management ASSIGNMENT # 2 Assignments Date of issue Due date of submission from the students 2nd End of 4nd Week 11/2/2016 End of 6th Week 27/2/2016 1. Describe the legal considerations a business must address when doing business globally. 2. Describe some reasons why a company might decide to stop outsourcing. 3. Describe good strategies for prioritizing tasks and meetings. 4. Describe good strategies for managing email efficiently. Q1: Compare and contrast the two major types of networks. LAN, which stands for local area network, and WAN, which stands for wide area network Comparison chart LAN versus WAN comparison chart LAN Stands For Local Area Network Covers Local areas only (e.g., homes, offices, schools) Definition LAN (Local Area Network) is a WAN Wide Area Network Large geographic areas (e.g., cities, states, nations) WAN (Wide Area Network) is a computer computer network covering a small network that covers a broad area (e.g., any geographic area, like a home, network whose communications links cross office, school, or group of metropolitan, regional, or national buildings. boundaries over a long distance). Speed High speed (1000 mbps) Data transfer LANs have a high data transfer rates rate. Example The network in an office building Less speed (150 mbps) WANs have a lower data transfer rate compared to LANs. The Internet is a good example of a WAN can be a LAN Technology Tend to use certain connectivity WANs tend to use technologies like MPLS, technologies, primarily Ethernet ATM, Frame Relay and X.25 for and Token Ring connectivity over longer distances LAN versus WAN comparison chart LAN Connection One LAN can be connected to WAN Computers connected to a wide-area other LANs over any distance via network are often connected through public telephone lines and radio waves. networks, such as the telephone system. They can also be connected through leased lines or satellites. Components Layer 2 devices like switches and Layers 3 devices Routers, Multi-layer bridges. Layer 1 devices like hubs Switches and Technology specific devices and repeaters. like ATM or Frame-relay Switches etc. Fault LANs tend to have fewer problems Tolerance associated with them, as there are WANs tend to be less fault tolerant as they consist of large number of systems. smaller number of systems to deal with. Data Experiences fewer data Transmission transmission errors Experiences more data transmission errors as compared to LAN Error Ownership Typically owned, controlled, and WANs (like the Internet) are not owned by managed by a single person or any one organization but rather exist under organization. collective or distributed ownership and management over long distances. Set-up costs If there is a need to set-up a couple of extra devices on the network, it For WANs since networks in remote areas have to be connected the set-up costs are LAN versus WAN comparison chart LAN WAN is not very expensive to do that. higher. However WANs using public networks can be setup very cheaply using just software (VPN etc). Geographical Have a small geographical range Spread and do not need any leased telecommunication lines Maintenance Because it covers a relatively small costs geographical area, LAN is easier to maintain at relatively low costs. Bandwidth High bandwidth is available for transmission. Congestion Less congestion Have a large geographical range generally spreading across boundaries and need leased telecommunication lines Maintaining WAN is difficult because of its wider geographical coverage and higher maintenance costs. Low bandwidth is available for transmission. More congestion Q2: Describe the four categories of ethical issues related to information technology. i. Privacy What information should one be required to divulge about one's self to others? Under what conditions? What information should one be able to keep strictly to one's self? These are among the questions that a concern for privacy raises. ii. Property One of the most complex issues we face as a society is the question of intellectual property rights. There are substantial economic and ethical concerns surrounding these rights. iii. Accuracy: Who is responsible for the authenticity, fidelity and accuracy of information? iv. Access One must have access to the information technologies which store, convey and process information and the information itself. Q3: Explain the six problems that can be minimized using the database approach. i. Data Redundancy: is a condition created within a database or data storage technology in ii. which the same piece of data is held in two separate places. Data Isolation: in the context of databases, specifies when and how the changes iii. implemented in an operation become visible to other parallel operations. Data Inconsistency: There is data inconsistency between the files if the same data is iv. stored in different formats in two files or if data must be matched between files Data Security: Data security means protecting data, such as a database, from destructive v. forces and from the unwanted actions of unauthorized users. Data Integrity: Data integrity refers to the overall completeness, accuracy and consistency vi. of data. Data Independence: The separation of data from the programs that use the data ECOM201: Introduction to E-Management ASSIGNMENT # 2 Assignments Date of issue Due date of submission from the students 2nd End of 4nd Week 11/2/2016 End of 6th Week 27/2/2016 1. Describe the legal considerations a business must address when doing business globally. 2. Describe some reasons why a company might decide to stop outsourcing. 3. Describe good strategies for prioritizing tasks and meetings. 4. Describe good strategies for managing email efficiently. Q1: Compare and contrast the two major types of networks. LAN, which stands for local area network, and WAN, which stands for wide area network Comparison chart LAN versus WAN comparison chart LAN Stands For Local Area Network Covers Local areas only (e.g., homes, offices, schools) Definition LAN (Local Area Network) is a WAN Wide Area Network Large geographic areas (e.g., cities, states, nations) WAN (Wide Area Network) is a computer computer network covering a small network that covers a broad area (e.g., any geographic area, like a home, network whose communications links cross office, school, or group of metropolitan, regional, or national buildings. boundaries over a long distance). Speed High speed (1000 mbps) Data transfer LANs have a high data transfer rates rate. Example The network in an office building Less speed (150 mbps) WANs have a lower data transfer rate compared to LANs. The Internet is a good example of a WAN can be a LAN Technology Tend to use certain connectivity WANs tend to use technologies like MPLS, technologies, primarily Ethernet ATM, Frame Relay and X.25 for and Token Ring connectivity over longer distances LAN versus WAN comparison chart LAN Connection One LAN can be connected to WAN Computers connected to a wide-area other LANs over any distance via network are often connected through public telephone lines and radio waves. networks, such as the telephone system. They can also be connected through leased lines or satellites. Components Layer 2 devices like switches and Layers 3 devices Routers, Multi-layer bridges. Layer 1 devices like hubs Switches and Technology specific devices and repeaters. like ATM or Frame-relay Switches etc. Fault LANs tend to have fewer problems Tolerance associated with them, as there are WANs tend to be less fault tolerant as they consist of large number of systems. smaller number of systems to deal with. Data Experiences fewer data Transmission transmission errors Experiences more data transmission errors as compared to LAN Error Ownership Typically owned, controlled, and WANs (like the Internet) are not owned by managed by a single person or any one organization but rather exist under organization. collective or distributed ownership and management over long distances. Set-up costs If there is a need to set-up a couple of extra devices on the network, it For WANs since networks in remote areas have to be connected the set-up costs are LAN versus WAN comparison chart LAN WAN is not very expensive to do that. higher. However WANs using public networks can be setup very cheaply using just software (VPN etc). Geographical Have a small geographical range Spread and do not need any leased telecommunication lines Maintenance Because it covers a relatively small costs geographical area, LAN is easier to maintain at relatively low costs. Bandwidth High bandwidth is available for transmission. Congestion Less congestion Have a large geographical range generally spreading across boundaries and need leased telecommunication lines Maintaining WAN is difficult because of its wider geographical coverage and higher maintenance costs. Low bandwidth is available for transmission. More congestion Q2: Describe the four categories of ethical issues related to information technology. i. Privacy What information should one be required to divulge about one's self to others? Under what conditions? What information should one be able to keep strictly to one's self? These are among the questions that a concern for privacy raises. ii. Property One of the most complex issues we face as a society is the question of intellectual property rights. There are substantial economic and ethical concerns surrounding these rights. iii. Accuracy: Who is responsible for the authenticity, fidelity and accuracy of information? iv. Access One must have access to the information technologies which store, convey and process information and the information itself. Q3: Explain the six problems that can be minimized using the database approach. i. Data Redundancy: is a condition created within a database or data storage technology in ii. which the same piece of data is held in two separate places. Data Isolation: in the context of databases, specifies when and how the changes iii. implemented in an operation become visible to other parallel operations. Data Inconsistency: There is data inconsistency between the files if the same data is iv. stored in different formats in two files or if data must be matched between files Data Security: Data security means protecting data, such as a database, from destructive v. forces and from the unwanted actions of unauthorized users. Data Integrity: Data integrity refers to the overall completeness, accuracy and consistency vi. of data. Data Independence: The separation of data from the programs that use the data