Most managers probably would agree that they want to encourage "high-performance levels" among their employees. However, many of these same managers might balk if asked to define specifically what "high performance" is, much less how to measure it. And yet, being able to answer these questions is essential to effective performance management. If managers want "high performance" from their employees, they must be able to articulate what high performance looks like and set clear performance expectations for employees. Indeed, performance management is a very broad domain of managerial responsibility which includes goal-setting, communicating performance standards, measuring and appraising performance, communicating feedback, and determining and delivering outcomes based on performance