Mr. Landis, President of Assault Weapons, inc. was pleased to hear that he had three offers from major defense companies for his latest missile firing automatic ejector. He will use a discount rate of 12% to evaluate each offer. Offer I - $500,000 now plus $120,000 from the end of year 6 through 15. Also, if the product goes over $50 million in cumulative sales by the end of year 15, he will receive an additional $1,500,000. Mr. Landis thought there was a 75% probability this would happen. Offer II - 25% of the buyer's gross margin for the next 4 years. The buyer on this case is Air Defense, Inc. (ADI). Its gross margin is 65 percent. Sales for year 1 are projected to be $1 million and then grow by 40% per year. This amount is paid today and is not discounted. Offer III - A trust fund would be set up for the next nine years. At the end if that period, Mr. Landis would receive the proceeds (and discount them back to the present at 12%). The trust funds called for semiannual payments for the next 9 years of $80,000 (a total of $160,000 per year). The payments would start immediately. Since the payments are coming at the beginning of each period instead of the end, this is an annuity due. Assume the annual interest rate on this annuity is 12% annually (6% semiannually). How would I find the present value of the trust fund's final value, the present value of each of the three offers, and then which offer would be the best? I am not allowed to use excel to figure out this problem so I need to know all the steps involved in figuring it out