n modern times (which here we mean to be after circa 1450), who first proposed the heliocentric theory of the solar system? a) Socrates (469?-399 BCE). b) Aristarchos of Samos (310?-230? BCE). c) Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543). d) Galileo Galilei (1564-1642). e) Isaac Newton (1643-1727). 30. Kepler's 3rd law for the Solar System planets can be conveniently written Pyear = A3/2 AU or, less conveniently, P 2 year = A3 AU , where Pyear is the orbital period in Earth years and AAU is the mean Sun-planet distance in astronomical units (AU) (i.e., in mean Sun-Earth distances). If an asteroid is 9 AU from the Sun, what is its orbital period in years? a) 9. b) 3. c) 27. d) 729. e) 1. 31. Galileo's discovery of the moons of Jupiter: a) had no bearing on the debate over the Copernican theory. b) meant that the Earth was the center of Jupiter's orbit. c) explained the full phases of Venus. d) meant that the Earth was not the physical center of all motion in the Solar System, and that Earth could have a moon and still be on an EPICYCLE. e) meant that the Earth was not the physical center of all motion in the Solar System, and that Earth could have a moon and still be a PLANET. 32. Drop a feather and hammer at the same time on the Earth (given realistic conditions) and then on the Moon (also given realistic conditions). a) They BOTH hit the ground at the same time on both worlds. b) The HAMMER lands first by a large margin on both worlds. c) The FEATHER lands first on both worlds. d) The