1. Name the study designs for the following scenarios. If it as an experiment, what is the treatment?

(a)(0.5 marks) A survey on youth and smoking contacted by telephone 300 smokers and 300 nonsmokers, all 14 to 22 years of age.

(b)(0.5 marks) Does air pollution induce DNA mutations in mice? Starting with 40 male and 40 female mice, 20 of each sex were housed in a polluted industrial area downwind from a steel mill. The other 20 of each sex were housed at an unpolluted rual location 30 kilomometers away.