Need answers ASAP please

1. creditors are known as residual or secondary claimants because their claim on income cannot be paid off until the claims of all equity holders have been satisfied? True or false.

2.most preferred stock is cumulative meaning

a) preferred stockholders shared in common stock dividends once the threshhold is reached b) all payments vary over time c) all current preferred stock dividends in areas must be paid before common stock dividends can be paid. d) all current preferred stock dividends must be paid before common stock dividends can be paid