need help with question 5 and 6 dont understand how money in arrears works or how it accumulates over time its very confusing, need an indepth explanation on how it works thank you

5. Ch 12: A company declares a cash dividend of $50,000 on November 5 and records the stockholders on December 1. The dividends were paid on Jan 5: Prepare the journal entries related to these dividend transactions. 6. Ch 12: Alberto Company has 50,000 shares of $100 par, 2% cumulative preferred stock and 120,000 shares of $20 par common stock issued and outstanding. Dividends were distributed as follows: Year 1$75,000, year 2$120,000, year 3$200,00