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d. What statistical test is most appropriate for this data? Circle one. (.5pt) Single Sample t-test Paired Samples t-test Independent Samples t-test One-Way ANOVA Two-Way ANOVA e. Use the following SPSS output to write a paragraph summarizing all of the results in words using APA format.. Depending on the statistical test this may include main effects, post hoc tests, and an interaction. Be sure to include all necessary means, standard deviations, and the test statistics. (Uf you I completed part C, you should have the following tables in your SPSS output.)(2pt) Descriptives Quilt N Std Error Mean 6.2000 3.0000 5 5 95 Confidence interval for Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound 5.1611 7.2389 1.0368 4.9632 Std Deviation 83666 1.58114 37417 70711 Minimum 500 1.00 Maximum 7.00 5.00 5 3.0000 1.22474 54772 1.4793 4.5207 1.00 400 Consistent Testimony Information ivan on The Stand and Not Pretrial Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements Contradictions on Stand Only Total 5 22000 83666 37417 1.1611 300 3.2389 1.00 20 3.6000 1.90291 .42550 2.7094 4 4906 1.00 7.00 Sum of Squares dr F Sig 3 11.654 Mean Square 15.733 1.350 Between Oroups Within Groups Total 000 47.200 21.600 68.800 16 19 Multiple Comparisons Dependent Variable: Quilt Tu By HSD Mean Difference - J) 3.20000 W) testimony Consistent Testimony Std. Error Sig 002 95% Confidence interval Lower Bound Upper Bound 1.0976 5.3024 73485 3.20000 .73485 002 1.0976 5.3024 4.00000 73485 000 1.8976 6.1024 -3 20000 73485 002 -1.0976 Information Given on The Stand and Not Pretrial -5.3024 -2.1024 00000 73485 1.000 2.1024 80000 73485 701 -1.3024 2.9024 (J) testimony Information Given on The Stand and Not Pretrial Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements Contradictions on Stand Only Consistent Testimony Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements Contradictions on Stand Only Consistent Testimony Information Oiven on The Stand and Not Pretrial Contradictions on Stand Only Consistent Testimony Information Given on The Stand and Not Pretrial Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements -3.20000 73485 002 -1.0976 Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements -5.3024 -2.1024 .00000 73485 1.000 2.1024 .80000 .73485 .701 - 1.3024 2.9024 -4.00000 .73485 .000 -6.1024 Contradictions on Stand Only -1.8976 -.80000 73485 701 -2.9024 1.3024 80000 .73485 .701 -2.9024 1.3024 2. Berman and Cutler (1996) looked at four different factors relative to eyewitness testimony to see how they might impact mock juror's decisions. In this study, participants were randomly assigned to a condition and viewed one of four versions of a videotaped trial. The key evidence against the defendant was the eyewitness testimony. The four versions differed in the types of inconsistent statements given by the eyewitness: (1) consistent testimony, (2) information given on the stand, but not during the pretrial investigation, (3) contradictions between on the stand and pretrial statements, and (4) contradictions made on the stand. They found that when participants were exposed to any form of inconsistent testimony, they were less likely to convict the defendant. Imagine that another researcher wants to investigate judge's perceptions of whether the defendant should be convicted. To conduct this study he reviews courtroom video footage from 20 randomly selected cases. The research classifies the eyewitness in each case into one of the four types of statements used by Berman and Cutler. The judge from each case is then asked to evaluate the level of the defendant's guilt on a 1 (not guilty) to 7 (guilty) scale. (4.25pts) a. Write a null and research hypothesis. (1pt) b. Identify the IV(s), the levels each IV, and the DV. (.75pt) c. Optional: Open a new SPSS file. Input the variables and data below. Be sure to add appropriate "labels" to the variables, define the "values" of variables when necessary, and define each variables appropriate "measure" (i.e. scale, ordinal, or nominal). Then, conduct the appropriate statistical test and any necessary post hoc tests to test the hypothesis. Consistent Testimony Information Given on The Stand and Not Pretrial 4 3 Contradictions on Stand Only Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements 4 4 3 6 7 6 5 1 2 3 1 2 5 2. 7 3 1 d. What statistical test is most appropriate for this data? Circle one. (.5pt) Single Sample t-test Paired Samples t-test Independent Samples t-test One-Way ANOVA Two-Way ANOVA e. Use the following SPSS output to write a paragraph summarizing all of the results in words using APA format.. Depending on the statistical test this may include main effects, post hoc tests, and an interaction. Be sure to include all necessary means, standard deviations, and the test statistics. (Uf you I completed part C, you should have the following tables in your SPSS output.)(2pt) Descriptives Quilt N Std Error Mean 6.2000 3.0000 5 5 95 Confidence interval for Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound 5.1611 7.2389 1.0368 4.9632 Std Deviation 83666 1.58114 37417 70711 Minimum 500 1.00 Maximum 7.00 5.00 5 3.0000 1.22474 54772 1.4793 4.5207 1.00 400 Consistent Testimony Information ivan on The Stand and Not Pretrial Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements Contradictions on Stand Only Total 5 22000 83666 37417 1.1611 300 3.2389 1.00 20 3.6000 1.90291 .42550 2.7094 4 4906 1.00 7.00 Sum of Squares dr F Sig 3 11.654 Mean Square 15.733 1.350 Between Oroups Within Groups Total 000 47.200 21.600 68.800 16 19 Multiple Comparisons Dependent Variable: Quilt Tu By HSD Mean Difference - J) 3.20000 W) testimony Consistent Testimony Std. Error Sig 002 95% Confidence interval Lower Bound Upper Bound 1.0976 5.3024 73485 3.20000 .73485 002 1.0976 5.3024 4.00000 73485 000 1.8976 6.1024 -3 20000 73485 002 -1.0976 Information Given on The Stand and Not Pretrial -5.3024 -2.1024 00000 73485 1.000 2.1024 80000 73485 701 -1.3024 2.9024 (J) testimony Information Given on The Stand and Not Pretrial Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements Contradictions on Stand Only Consistent Testimony Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements Contradictions on Stand Only Consistent Testimony Information Oiven on The Stand and Not Pretrial Contradictions on Stand Only Consistent Testimony Information Given on The Stand and Not Pretrial Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements -3.20000 73485 002 -1.0976 Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements -5.3024 -2.1024 .00000 73485 1.000 2.1024 .80000 .73485 .701 - 1.3024 2.9024 -4.00000 .73485 .000 -6.1024 Contradictions on Stand Only -1.8976 -.80000 73485 701 -2.9024 1.3024 80000 .73485 .701 -2.9024 1.3024 2. Berman and Cutler (1996) looked at four different factors relative to eyewitness testimony to see how they might impact mock juror's decisions. In this study, participants were randomly assigned to a condition and viewed one of four versions of a videotaped trial. The key evidence against the defendant was the eyewitness testimony. The four versions differed in the types of inconsistent statements given by the eyewitness: (1) consistent testimony, (2) information given on the stand, but not during the pretrial investigation, (3) contradictions between on the stand and pretrial statements, and (4) contradictions made on the stand. They found that when participants were exposed to any form of inconsistent testimony, they were less likely to convict the defendant. Imagine that another researcher wants to investigate judge's perceptions of whether the defendant should be convicted. To conduct this study he reviews courtroom video footage from 20 randomly selected cases. The research classifies the eyewitness in each case into one of the four types of statements used by Berman and Cutler. The judge from each case is then asked to evaluate the level of the defendant's guilt on a 1 (not guilty) to 7 (guilty) scale. (4.25pts) a. Write a null and research hypothesis. (1pt) b. Identify the IV(s), the levels each IV, and the DV. (.75pt) c. Optional: Open a new SPSS file. Input the variables and data below. Be sure to add appropriate "labels" to the variables, define the "values" of variables when necessary, and define each variables appropriate "measure" (i.e. scale, ordinal, or nominal). Then, conduct the appropriate statistical test and any necessary post hoc tests to test the hypothesis. Consistent Testimony Information Given on The Stand and Not Pretrial 4 3 Contradictions on Stand Only Contradictions Between The Stand and Pretrial Statements 4 4 3 6 7 6 5 1 2 3 1 2 5 2. 7 3 1