Northwood Company manufactures basketballs. The company has a ball that sells for $25. At present, the ball is manufactured in a small plant that relies heavily on direct labor workers. Thus, variable expenses are high, totaling $15.00 per ball, of which 60% is direct labor cost.

Last year, the company sold 58,000 of these balls, with the following results:

Sales (58,000 balls)$1,450,000

Variable expenses 870,000

Contribution margin 580,000

Fixed expenses 374,000

Net operating income$206,000

Required:

1. Compute (a) last year's CM ratio and the break-even point in balls, and (b) the degree of operating leverage at last years sales level.

CM Ratio	40.00	%
Unit sales to break even	37,400	balls
Degree of operating leverage

3. Refer to the data in (2) above. If the expected change in variable expenses takes place, how many balls will have to be sold next year to earn the same net operating income, $206,000, as last year?

4. Refer again to the data in (2) above. The president feels that the company must raise the selling price of its basketballs. If Northwood Company wants to maintain the same CM ratio as last year (as computed in requirement 1a), what selling price per ball must it charge next year to cover the increased labor costs?

5. Refer to the original data. The company is discussing the construction of a new, automated manufacturing plant. The new plant would slash variable expenses per ball by 40.00%, but it would cause fixed expenses per year to double. If the new plant is built, what would be the companys new CM ratio and new break-even point in balls?

6. Refer to the data in (5) above.

a. If the new plant is built, how many balls will have to be sold next year to earn the same net operating income, $206,000, as last year?

b. Assume the new plant is built and that next year the company manufactures and sells 58,000 balls (the same number as sold last year). Prepare a contribution format income statement and compute the degree of operating leverage.