Novak Inc. incurred a net operating loss of $578,000 in 2020. Combined income for 2017, 2018, and 2019 was $459,000. The tax rate for all years is 30%. Assume that it is more likely than not that the entire tax loss carryforward will not be realized in future years. Assume that Novak earns taxable income of $20,000 in 2021 and that at the end of 2021 there is still too much uncertainty to recognize a deferred tax asset.

Prepare the journal entries that are necessary at the end of 2021 assuming that Novak does not use a valuation allowance account.

(To record current tax expense)

(To record current tax benefit)

Prepare the journal entries that are necessary at the end of 2021 assuming that Novak does use a valuation allowance account.

(To record deferred tax expense)

(To bring the Deferred Tax Asset account to its realizable value)