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Of three prisoners, one has been chosen by lot for execution. Call the prisoners 1 , 2 , and 3 . Prisoner 3 says to

Of three prisoners, one has been chosen by lot for execution. Call the prisoners 1,2, and 3. Prisoner 3 says to the guard: Which of 1 and 2 is not to be executed? One of them wont be, and you reveal no information about myself by telling me which one will not be executed. The guard finds this reasonable, and replies Prisoner 1 is not to be executed.
Suppose that if the guard has a choice in which of prisoners 1 and 2 to name (that is, if 3 is to be executed) the guard chooses to name 1 with probability
. If
, what is the conditional probability that prisoner 3 will be executed given the information provided by the guard?

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