Official poverty measures for the United States reveal that poverty

Has a higher incidence in rural areas than inner city areas

Was falling until the mid-1970s.

Is limited to minority races

Is measured using a relative poverty line

The urbanization of poverty can be attributed in part to

Cost of living differentials not incorporated into the urban and rural poverty lines

Urban bias in price surveys

The poor urbanizing faster than the population as a whole

Greater use of anti-poverty policies that target the urban poor

Which of the following statements is true?

The global income distribution shows that the minority of the world lived in poverty in 1820.

From 1970-2000, the poor world showed gains relative to the rich world in the global income distribution.

In 2000, the global income distribution had become bimodal, indicating increased polarization.

The global income distribution has become more unequal over time.

Which of the following statements is false?

Relative inequality is rising in many countries but is falling globally.

Poverty is either rising or falling depending on whether one considers absolute or relative poverty.

Absolute inequality is rising in growing economies but falling globally.

The incidence of extreme absolute poverty is falling globally.

The global consumption floor

Is likely to reach $1.90 per person per day by 2030.

Has been equal to around $1 per person per day since 1980.

Has been responsive to growth in overall mean consumption.

Has risen above the level of minimum consumption necessary for survival.

Progress against absolute pre-tax income poverty in the United States

Stagnated between 1960 and 2000.

All of these options are correct.

Has been stronger than for consumption poverty.

Was on track to be eliminated in the 1980's, following the prior (post World War 2) trajectory.

Which of the following statements is not true?

The problem of different incidences of poverty for rural and urban areas is largely a problem of developing countries.

Between 1990 and 2008, we have made greater progress against poverty in rural areas than in urban areas.

Due to increased urbanization of poverty, the majority of global poor will reside in urban areas by 2030.

There has been a ruralization of poverty in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.

Which of the following statements is true for Washington, D.C.?

Poverty rate in Washington, DC is lower than the average for the whole country.

Washington, D.C. has the same level of inequality as other diverse metropolitan areas in the U.S.

High income inequality in Washington, D.C. is a result of recent immigration.

Washington, DC has the highest inequality of any major city in the US.

When comparing the experiences of the US and Germany since 1970,

Germany was better able to use taxes and transfers to assure that inequality of living standards did not rise as much as that of market incomes.

Inequality in market incomes has risen much more in the US than Germany.

Inequality of market income is lower in Germany than in the US today.

The US redistributes more income than does Germany.

Which of the following statements about the global headcount index is true?

Poverty fell between 1990 and 1999 if the poverty line used is (z)=$7.

None of these options are correct.

Poverty fell between 1981 and 2008 if the poverty line used is (z)=$2.

Poverty fell between 1981 and 2008 if the poverty line used is (z)=$2, and poverty fell between 1990 and 1999 if the poverty line used is (z)=$7.

Explain the difference between global inequality, inter-country inequality, and international inequality. Suppose you read in the newspaper that "inequality across the world has risen since 1950." Which concept of inequality is the author implicitly referring to?