On January 1 Year 1 Parker Inc., a US-based firm listed on the NY Stock Exchange, purchased 100 percent of Suffolk PLC, an entity operating in the oil industry, located in Great Britain Parker paid 52.000.000 British pounds () for its purchases The excess of cost over book values is attributable to land (part of property, plant and equipment, and is not subject to depreciation Parker accounts for its investment in Suffolk at cost on January 1 Year Suffolk reported the following balance sheet Cash E 2 XK1,000 Accounts payable f. 1,000,000 Accounts receivable 3,000,000 Long term det 8,000 000 Inventory 14,000,000 Common Stock 44,000 000 PPSE (net) 40.000.000 Retained earrings 6.000.000 59.000.000 $159.000.000 Suffolk's Year 1 income was recorded at 2,000,000 No dividends were declared or paid by Suffolk in 2015 On December 31, Year 2, two years after the date of acquisition, Suffolk submitted the following tral balance to Parker for consolidation Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Property. Plant & Equipment (net) Accounts Payable Long-term debt Common Stock Retained Earnings (1/1/16) Sales Cost of Goods Sold Depreciation Other Expenses Dividends Paid (1/30/16) f 1.500.000 5,200,000 18,000,000 36,000,000 (1.450,000 (5,000,000) (44,000,000) (8,000,000) (28,000,000) 16.000.000 2,000,000 6,000,000 1.750.000 0 Other than the payment of dividends, no intercompany transactions occurred between the two companies. Relevant exchange rates for the British pound were as follows Year 1 Year 2 January 1 $1.60 1.64 January 30 $1,61 1.65 Average $1.62 1.66 December 31 $164 1.68 December 31. Year 2, financial statements (before consolidation with Suffolk) follow Dividend income is the US dollar amount of dividends received from Suffolk translated at the $165/ exchange rate at January 30, 2016. The amounts listed for dividend income and all affected accounts (le, net income, December 31, retained earnings, and cash) reflect the $1.65/ exchange rate at January 30, Year 2 Credit balances are in parentheses January 30, Year 2. Credit balances are in parentheses. Sales Cost of Goods Sold Depreciation Other Expenses Dividend income Net income $ (70,000,000) 34,000,000 20,000,000 6,000,000 (2.887 500) $ 12.887.500 Retained Earnings (1/1/Year 2) Net income, Year 2 Dividends, 1/30/Year 2 Retained Earnings (12/31/ Year 2 $ (48,000,000) (12,887,500) 4.500.000 $156.387 500) Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Investment in Suffolk. Property. Plant, & Equipment (net). Accounts Payable Long-term debt. Common Stock Retained Earnings (12/31/Year 22 $ 3,687,500 10,000,000 30,000,000 83,200,000 105,000,000 (25,500,000) (50,000,000) (100.000.000) $ (56.387 500) Parker's chief financial officer (CFO) wishes to determine the effect that a change in the value of the British pound would have on consolidated net income and consolidated stockholders equity To help assess the foreign currency exposure associated with the investment in Suffolk the CFO requests assistance in comparing consolidated results under actual exchange rate fluctuations with results that would have occurred had the dollar value of the pound remained constant or declined during the first two years of Parker's ownership In addition to the nsk Parker faces from its exposure to the British pound, Suffolks of operations sometimes result in soit contamination Suffolk cleans up any contamination when required to do so under the laws of the particular country in which it operates In one of the countries in which Suffolk operates there is no legislation requining cleanup in that same country. Suffolk had inadvertently contaminated and in prior years. As of October 31. Year 2, it is virtually certain that a law requiring the remediation of contaminated land will be enacted in this jurisdiction, though it is not expected to be issued until after the December 31 year-end. A consultant has been hired to help estimate the cost of clean-up The CFO has requested assistance in assessing the risk and disclosure requirements Parker faces from its foreign exchange exposure and environmental exposure Suffolk prepares its financial statements in accordance with (1) US GAAP in reporting to its parent and (2) IFRS in reporting to its UK based lender The CFO has requested that you prepare a memorandum with a supporting report that addresses the following requirements Part A. Given the relevant exchange rates presented, use an electronic spreadsheet to complete the following three parts: 1. Translate Suffolk's December 31 Year 2. trial balance from British pounds to US dollars. The British pound is Suffolk's functional currency 2. Prepare a schedule that detalls the change in Suffolk's cumulative translation adjustment (beginning net assets, income. dividends, etc) for Year 1 and Year 2 3. The spreadsheet is automatically populated directly from the general ledger but the exchange rates must be input manually. The CFO wants you to ensure that the correct exchange rates are input and then that they are not accidently changed. Since the exchange raters are input manually, what internal controls can you suggest to ensure that the rates in the spreadsheet are accurate? 4. Discuss the impacts that the change in the value of the pound has had on results due to exchange rate fluctuations with results that would have occurred had the dollar value of the pound remained constant or declined during the first two years of Parker's ownership ASSESS THREATS TO QUALITY OF INFORMATION that would have occurred had the dollar value of the pound remained constant or declined during the first two years of Parker's ownership ASSESS THREATS TO QUALITY OF INFORMATION Part B. 5. Should Suffolk recognize a provision for the environmental contingency as of December 31, Year 2 in reporting to its US parent under US GAAP? How about when it reports to its UK based lender under IFRS? 6. Parker's purchase of Suffolk has created additional accounting complexities Identity some of the additional accounting issues that Parker now faces How do these additional complexities potentially impact the quality of the accounting information for Parker? What internal controls can Parker implement to assure that the company is able to meet all information quality and disclosure requirements ? 7 Parker is considering adopting IFRS for financial reporting What are some of the key differences between IFRS and US GAAP that might impact Parker? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages that might accrue to Parker if it adopted IFRS for all of its operations? 8. Would adoption of IFRS require additional reporting requirements for the SEC? What role does the IASB, FASB, PCAOB and SEC play in promoting high-quality accounting information for US and global businesses? Does the retention of a separate US GAAP in an otherwise IFRS world environment present any challenges for US based companies