On October 1, 2018, Jay Pryor established an interior decorating business, Pioneer Designs. During the month, Jay completed the following transactions related to the business:

Oct.	1	Jay transferred cash from a personal bank account to an account to be used for the business in exchange for common stock, $32,800.
	4	Paid rent for period of October 4 to end of month, $3,180.
	10	Purchased a used truck for $27,000, paying $3,000 cash and giving a note payable for the remainder.
	13	Purchased equipment on account, $12,790.
	14	Purchased supplies for cash, $2,200.
	15	Paid annual premiums on property and casualty insurance, $4,920.
	15	Received cash for job completed, $13,780.

Enter the following transactions on Page 2 of the two-column journal:

	21	Paid creditor a portion of the amount owed for equipment purchased on October 13, $4,560.
	24	Recorded jobs completed on account and sent invoices to customers, $15,680.
	26	Received an invoice for truck expenses, to be paid in November, $1,440.
	27	Paid utilities expense, $1,640.
	27	Paid miscellaneous expenses, $590.
	29	Received cash from customers on account, $6,560.
	30	Paid wages of employees, $4,360.
	31	Paid dividends, $3,640.

Required:

1. Journalize and insert the posting references for each transaction in a two-column journal beginning on Page 1, referring to the following chart of accounts in selecting the accounts to be debited and credited. For a compound transaction, if an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank.

11	Cash	31	Common Stock
12	Accounts Receivable	33	Dividends
13	Supplies	41	Fees Earned
14	Prepaid Insurance	51	Wages Expense
16	Equipment	53	Rent Expense
18	Truck	54	Utilities Expense
21	Notes Payable	55	Truck Expense
22	Accounts Payable	59	Miscellaneous Expense

General Journal				Page 1
Date	Description	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 1	Cash
	Common Stock
Oct. 4	Rent Expense
	Cash
Oct. 10	Truck
	Cash
	Notes Payable
Oct. 13	Equipment
	Accounts Payable
Oct. 14	Supplies
	Cash
Oct. 15
Oct. 15

General Journal				Page 2
Date	Description	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 21
Oct. 24
Oct. 26
Oct. 27
Oct. 27
Oct. 29
Oct. 30
Oct. 31

2. Post (in chronological order) the journal to a ledger of four-column accounts, inserting appropriate posting references in the general journal as each item is posted. Extend the balances to the appropriate balance columns after each transaction is posted. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank.

General Ledger
Account	Cash				ACCOUNT NO.	11
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 1		1
Oct. 4		1
Oct. 10		1
Oct. 14		1
Oct. 15		1
Oct. 15		1
Oct. 21		2
Oct. 27		2
Oct. 27		2
Oct. 29		2
Oct. 30		2
Oct. 31		2

Account	Accounts Receivable				ACCOUNT NO.	12
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 24		2
Oct. 29		2

Account	Supplies				ACCOUNT NO.	13
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 14		1

Account	Prepaid Insurance				ACCOUNT NO.	14
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 15		1

Account	Equipment				ACCOUNT NO.	16
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 13		1

Account	Truck				ACCOUNT NO.	18
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 10		1

Account	Notes Payable				ACCOUNT NO.	21
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 10		1

Account	Accounts Payable				ACCOUNT NO.	22
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 13		1
Oct. 21		2
Oct. 26		2

Account	Common Stock				ACCOUNT NO.	31
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 1		1

Account	Dividends				ACCOUNT NO.	33
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 31		2

Account	Fees Earned				ACCOUNT NO.	41
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 15		1
Oct. 24		2

Account	Wages Expense				ACCOUNT NO.	51
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 30		2

Account	Rent Expense				ACCOUNT NO.	53
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 4		1

Account	Utilities Expense				ACCOUNT NO.	54
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 27		2

Account	Truck Expense				ACCOUNT NO.	55
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 26		2

Account	Miscellaneous Expense				ACCOUNT NO.	59
					Balance
Date	Item	Post. Ref.	Debit	Credit	Debit	Credit
2018
Oct. 27		2

Feedback

1. Identify which accounts are affected in each transaction. Keep in mind that every transaction involves at least two accounts. Determine whether the account increases or decreases and record each increase or decrease following the rules of debit and credit. Use the Posting Reference column to enter the corresponding account number from the general ledger account. Remember total debits should equal total credits in your entries.

2. See the illustration in Exhibit 4 below. The 4-column accounts ledger is a more formal presentation of the T accounts. The Posting Reference column should have the page number from the journal where the transaction is found. The debits and credits for each journal entry are posted to the accounts in the order in which they occur in the journal. After each entry, subtotal the 4-column ledger, making sure to maintain the correct normal balance and double-checking any non-normal balances to see if they are valid or possible.

	Journal Entry Account
Common Transaction Terminology	Debit	Credit
Received cash for services provided	Cash	Fees Earned
Services provided on account	Accounts Receivable	Fees Earned
Received cash on account	Cash	Accounts Receivable
Purchased on account	Asset account	Accounts Payable
Paid on account	Accounts Payable	Cash
Paid cash	Asset or expense account	Cash
Issued common stock	Cash and/or other assets	Common Stock
Paid dividends	Dividends	Cash

Learning Objective 1, Learning Objective 2, Learning Objective 3 and Learning Objective 4.

3. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance for Intrex Designs as of October 31, 2018. List all accounts in the order of Assets, Liabilities, Stockholders equity, Revenues, and Expenses.For those boxes in which no entry is required, leave the box blank. The first two account titles are filled in as an example.

Pioneer Designs Unadjusted Trial Balance October 31, 2018
	Debit Balances	Credit Balances
Cash
Accounts Receivable
Totals

4. Determine the excess of revenues over expenses for October. $