operations management

$2.$ Among the following, which is NOT one of the core principles in the $5$S methodology frequently utilized in operations management?

a$)$ Sort

b$)$ Streamline

c$)$ Standardize

d$)$ Sustain

$3.$ In the context of supply chain management, which inventory management strategy focuses on minimizing holding costs by ordering inventory only when it's required?

a$)$ Just$-$in$-$Time $($JIT$)$

b$)$ Economic Order Quantity $($EOQ$)$

c$)$ Safety Stock

d$)$ Inventory Classification

$4.$ What is the primary goal of Total Quality Management $($TQM$)$ in operations management?

a$)$ Maximizing production output

b$)$ Minimizing production downtime

c$)$ Ensuring the highest product quality and customer satisfaction

d$)$ Reducing production complexity

$5.$ Which forecasting method relies on historical demand patterns to predict future demand?

a$)$ Delphi method

b$)$ Time series analysis

c$)$ Regression analysis

d$)$ Market segmentation analysis

$10$ calculation$-$based multiple$-$choice questions:

$1.**$Inventory Turnover$**$:

What is the inventory turnover ratio if a company had $$500,000$ in sales and an average inventory of $$100,000?$

a$)2\mathrm{.}0$

b$)3\mathrm{.}0$

c$)4\mathrm{.}0$

d$)5\mathrm{.}0$

$2.**$Break$-$Even Analysis$**$:

If a company's fixed costs are $$50,000,$ the selling price per unit is $$20,$ and the variable cost per unit is $$10,$ how many units must be sold to break even?

a$)2,500$ units

b$)5,000$ units

c$)7,500$ units

d$)10,000$ units

$3.**$Net Present Value $($NPV$)**$:

If an investment generates cash flows of $$10,000$ in year $1,$ $$15,000$ in year $2,$ and $$20,000$ in year $3,$ with a discount rate of $8\%,$ what is the NPV$?$

a$)$ $$35,000$

b$)$ $$30,000$

c$)$ $$25,000$

d$)$ $$20,000$

$4.**$Capacity Utilization$**$:

A factory with a maximum production capacity of $10,000$ units is currently producing $8,000$ units. What is the capacity utilization rate?

a$)80\%$

b$)85\%$

c$)90\%$

d$)95\%$

$5.**$Production Efficiency$**$:

If a manufacturing process produces $800$ units in $4$ hours, what is the production rate in units per hour?

a$)100$ units$/$hour

b$)150$ units$/$hour

c$)200$ units$/$hour

d$)250$ units$/$hour

$6.**$Order Quantity$**$:

Using the Economic Order Quantity $($EOQ$)$ formula, if the annual demand is $5,000$ units, ordering cost is $$100$ per order, and holding cost per unit per year is $$2,$ what is the EOQ?

a$)500$ units

b$)750$ units

c$)1,000$ units

d$)1,250$ units

$7.**$Return on Investment $($ROI$)**$:

If an investment of $$50,000$ generates a profit of $$10,000,$ what is the ROI as a percentage?

a$)5\%$

b$)10\%$

c$)20\%$

d$)25\%$

$8.**$Labor Productivity$**$:

If a worker completes $40$ tasks in an $8-$hour shift, what is the labor productivity rate in tasks per hour?

a$)4$ tasks$/$hour

b$)5$ tasks$/$hour

c$)6$ tasks$/$hour

d$)7$ tasks$/$hour

$9.**$Machine Downtime$**$:

If a machine is scheduled to run for $10$ hours a day but experiences downtime of $2$ hours per day, what is the machine's availability percentage?

a$)80\%$

b$)85\%$

c$)90\%$

d$)95\%$

$10.**$Return on Assets $($ROA$)**$:

If a company has total assets of $$1,000,000$ and net income of $$100,000,$ what is the ROA as a percentage?

a$)5\%$

b$)8\%$

c$)10\%$

d$)12\%$