"Over any given $20-$year period of time, a highly diversified basket of stocks that have a high profitability ratio $($as measured by gross$-$profits$-$to$-$assets, ROA, ROE, etc.$)-$

in other words, stocks that generate a high amount of profits relative to the amount of assets of the company $($or shareholder's equity$)-$ possess an $80\%$ or greater

probability of outperforming a basket of stocks that possess a low gross$-$profits$-$to$-$assets, return$-$on$-$assets $($ROA$),$ or return$-$on$-$equity $($ROE$)$ ratio." This statement

describes:

A$.$

value factor

B$.$

price factor

C$.$

momentum factor

D$.$

profitability factor

E$.$

equity factor

F$.$

investment factor