P1-1 Liability comparisons Merideth Harper has invested $25,000 in Southwest Devel- opment Company. The firm has recently declared bankruptcy and has $60,000 in unpaid debts. Explain the nature of payments, if any, by Merideth in each of the following situations. a. Southwest Development Company is a sole proprietorship owned by Ms. Harper. b. Southwest Development Company is a 50-50 partnership of Merideth Harper and Christopher Black. c. Southwest Development Company is a corporation. P1-2 Accrual income versus cash flow for a period Thomas Book Sales, Inc., supplies textbooks to college and university bookstores. The books are shipped with a proviso that they must be paid for within 30 days but can be returned for a full refund credit within 90 days. In 2018, Thomas shipped and billed book titles total- ing $760,000. Collections, net of return credits, during the year totaled $690,000. The company spent $300,000 acquiring the books it shipped. a. Using accrual accounting and the preceding values, show the firm's net profit for the past year. b. Using cash accounting and the preceding values, show the firm's net cash flow for the past year. c. Which of these statements is more useful to the financial manager? Why? Personal Finance Problem P1-3 Cash flows It is typical for Jane to plan, monitor, and assess her financial position using cash flows over a given period, typically a month. Jane has a savings account, and her bank loans money at 6% per year while it offers short-term investment rates of 5%. Jane's cash flows during August were as follows: 38 PART ONE Introduction to Managerial Finance Cash inflow Cash outflow -$1,000 $450 --500 -800 Item Clothes Interest received Dining out Groceries Salary Auto payment Utilities Mortgage Gas 4,500 -355 -280 - 1,200 -222 a. Determine Jane's total cash inflows and cash outflows. b. Determine the net cash flow for the month of August. c. If there is a shortage, what are a few options open to Jane? d. If there is a surplus, what would be a prudent strategy for her to follow