PA 350 Contemporary Urban Issues - Exam #3 Study Guide Planning in the USA: Policies, Issues, and Processes (Cullingworth & Caves) Chapters 12-18

PA 350 Contemporary Urban Issues Exam #3 Study Guide Planning in the USA: Policies, Issues, and Processes (Cullingworth & Caves) Chapters 12-18 37. The complex of housing includes discrimination, which adds to the problem of lack of affordable housing 38. Housing market theories include the concept that as houses decline in quality and cost, they tend to filter downward while housing with rising incomes filter upwards 39. Low-income housing providing housing for the poor affects a wide range of income groups as a greater issue of affordability 40. Public housing and urban renewal are linked, but have produced some problems mostly due to social-economic differences 41. Alternatives to public housing simply do not exist Multiple choice - select the best answer. 42. Housing subsidies, trust funds, Community Land Trusts, and land banking a. All seek to resolve or reduce affordable housing challenges b. Only apply to California, as other states do not have affordable housing problems c. Indicate a proactive approach to developing and preserving affordable housing and reduce the number of abandoned homes d.Bothaandc 43. Accessory dwelling units a. Are an unlegislated policy in California, both at the state and local level b. Are illegal in most neighborhoods, as planning commissions do not want to allow people to earn money from their property c. Have no opposition, but are welcomed throughout all communities and land use plans d. Are another affordable housing option for many communities, increasing density, allowing families to stay close, and may offer a second income to the homeowner 44, Affordable housing and growth management is often blocked by local government due to a. A desire to safeguard the character and property values of a community b. A desire to prevent increased development and the traffic it creates c. A desire to minimize tax burdens by restraining additional infrastructure needs d. All of the above 45, Inclusionary zoning a. Is typically located out in the suburbs, far from urban centers of commercial areas b. Seeks lower-cost housing by offering a developer higher density or by a mandatory requirement for a defined proportion of affordable units c. Is an example of the widely accepted, controversy-free effort to provide affordable housing in the best neighborhoods d. Came about from the Supreme Court Case City of Las Vegas v. Sea Breeze Apartments 46. The current mortgage crisis a. Is the fault of people who knew exactly what they were getting into Chapter 16. Community and Economic Development Multiple choice - select the best answer. 47. The War on Poverty a. Was established by President Clinton in 1993, the first year of his presidency b. Resulted in the creation of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) c. Created the task force that advised a coordinative role of HUD through a model cities program d. Bothbandc 48. The Model Cities Program a. lllustrated how planning and politics cannot be separated b. Began in 1966 and continues to this day c. Was driven by the uber-wealthy to ensure separation of low- and high-income neighborhoods d. Proved that 'grand schemes for massive, concerted federal action' was the answer to urban renewal and urban development 49, Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) a. Began with great federal control over local government funding requests b. Was intended to achieve a balance between providing flexibility, securing national purpose, and expanding economic opportunities c. Resulted in a pattern of expenditure where half went to housing, and half went to economic development d. CDBG grants always go to lower income communities 50. Enterprise zones a. Were described by Reagan as an 'experimental free market-oriented program dealing with the severe problems of our Nation's economically depressed areas' b. Congress immediately passed the necessary legislation and it was renewed by Clinton a decade later c. Federal government has nothing to do with enterprise zones, but keeps a distance and leaves it to local government to manage d. Although EZ funds have been distributed, there are no noteworthy accomplishments under the program research indicates that public administrators should close it down 51. Economic development policies a. Are typically developed by single entities, without collaboration of multiple agencies b. Do not require periodic evaluation by public administrators, but remain effective as originally written c. Are distinct and separate from economic development policies contained within any general, master, or comprehensive plans d. Continue to raise the question of how far, and in what ways, can public policies promote economic development True (a)/False (b)