Page 2 = AP/R using MAP, CO and R. (2 points) MAP = COXR F=42 The determinants of resistance to fluid flow (R) are viscosity of the fluid, length and radius of the tubes. The following equation defines the contributions of these three determinants to R: n=fluid viscosity L= length of the tubes r= inside radius of the tubes 8/ = a mathematical constant MAP R R = Apply this formula to the systemic circulatory system and answer the following questions: (Please show your work) 3. A man whose weight is 160 pounds has a total length of blood vessels equal to 70,000 miles. If he gains 1 pound of fat, his fat tissue will grow an extra 7 miles of blood vessels. (12 points) a. How much will his resistance to blood flow(R) increase if he gains 10 pounds? (6 points) Assume his blood viscosity and blood vessel radius remain the same. Calculation: His resistance to blood flow will increase by times. b. Assuming his mean arterial pressure (MAP) is 95 mmHg, what will his MAP be (to maintain the same cardiac output) if he gains 10 pounds? Calculate to the nearest 10. (6 points) Calculation: His MAP. 4. If a blood thinner can reduce blood viscosity by 20%, to maintain the same cardiac output, (10 points) a. How would his resistance to blood flow change? [increase or decrease) (2 points) deur case because blood viscosity would not be as thick, so its casier for broad to th b. By what percentage will the resistance to blood flow change? (2 points) (70,000) C If his mean arterial pressure (MAP) is 120 mmHg before taking the blood thinner, what will his MAP be if he is on this blood thinner? (6 points) Calculation: His MAP will be mmHg 5. The radius of the aorta is 1.2 cm, and the radius of a large arteriole is 0.002 cm. (14 points) a. Calculate the ratio of resistance to blood flow R(arteriole) /R(aorta). Write your answer in scientific notation (nx10"). (8 points) b. Which vessel has a greater resistance to blood flow, aorta or arteriole? (2 points) Cless space for blood to flow times c. The resistance to blood flow in the arteriole is (greater/lesser) than that in the aorta. Write your answer in scientific notation. (4 points) 6. The average radius of a carotid artery is 0.6 cm. A blockage reduced the radius to 0.3 cm, which requires surgical intervention. By what factor does the resistance to flow increase? (10 points) Heren bs because it Amets half the space for filend the resistance to bold flow increases 16 times if the radius is redvied by nat. His Day": nstruction the world o Nmension gender differently from th Eve e cha gers vas opl fed OF bo through der is evident, others treat ner gender mark Calculation: The resistance to blood flow in the blocked artery increases by. times. 7. Assuming vasoconstriction reduces the radius of all arterioles to 75% of their original radius, By what factor will the resistance to blood flow increase? Write your answer in scientific notation (nx10"). (10 points) Calculation: The resistance to blood flow in the constricted arterioles will increase by. times. 8. Which determinant of the three has the greatest effect on the resistance to blood flow? (2 points) 9. The arterioles have the greatest effect on the total peripheral resistance (R) in the cardiovascular system. Based on your knowledge of the vessel walls, explain why arteries and capillaries are not capable of exerting a similar effect? (8 point) don't have Smouth mascles around! them to antrauti. like arenales arterios min smouth muscles but fewer claine musclosbed So they wont constrictes much. The velocity of a fluid flow through a particular cross-sectional area changes if the cross-section area changes. The velocity of a fluid flow is inversely related the cross-section area the fluid flows through. Their relationships can be expressed as follows: C=cross-section of an area V = velocity of the fluid flow CV=CV