Pam took the week off work due to a scheduled surgery with Dr. Holly to have her appendix removed. The surgery took place at Bennett Medical Center. Dr. Holly was contracted with several hospitals for privileges to use their surgery rooms. Bennett Medical Center was one of those who had contracted with her for surgery privileges. During the surgery, Dr. Holly removed Pam's appendix and her right kidney. After the surgery, Pam developed an unusually severe abdominal infection, where the appendix was located. Bennett Medical Center assigned Staff Nurse Michael to treat Pam's infection. Shortly thereafter, Nurse Michael received a call that his child was in a schoolyard fight and that he needed to go to the school to address his child's behavior. Nurse Michael left without administering the treatment for Pam's infection. Pam's infection grew worse, necessitating the removal of part of her colon and causing her permanent disability. Dr. Holly sold Pam's kidney to the parents of a patient of hers who desperately needed a new one, thereby saving the child's life. What are the rights and defenses, if any, of: 1) Pam v. Dr. Holly 2) Pam v. Bennett Medical Center.