PART $$ A : Identify the disks available

$1.$ Display all the hard disks $($SCREENSHOT$)$

$2.$ Identify the disks $($except$/$dev$/$sda$)$ and note down the disk name and size.

PART $$ B : RAID $1$

$3.$ Using the $2$ x $300$MB hard disks, partition each disk as single partition and then create RAID$1$ as $/$dev$/$md$1$ and create

xfs file system on it and mount it on $/$raid$1$ directory.

$4.$ Assign user and group ownership to yourself for $/$raid$1,$ create files r$1$test$1$ by redirecting the output of man mdadm to

r$1$test$1,$ similarly for r$1$test$2$ using man gdisk and r$1$test$3$ using man useradd $/$raid$1$ without using sudo,

$5.$ Simulate any one of the disks in $/$dev$/$md$1$ array for failure, remove it and replace it with the unused $300$M

disk.Following SCREENSHOTS required at each stage given below.

Aftersetting $1$ disk as failed After failed disk removed After replacing failed disk

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$1$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$1$ disk$\_$failed

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$1$;ls $-$l $/$raid$1$;df $-$Th $/$raid

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$1$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$1$ any$\_$arraydisk

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$1$;ls $-$l $/$raid$1$;df $-$Th $/$raid$1$

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$1$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$1$ disk$\_$replaced

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$1$;ls $-$l $/$raid$1$;df $-$Th $/$raid$1$

$6.$ Check the $/$raid$1$ directory for the presence of the files you have created earlier

$7.$ Edit file r$1$test$1$ to check for redundancy.

PART $$ C : RAID $5$

$8.$ Using the $5$ x $200$MB hard disks, partition each disk as single partition and then create RAID$5$ as $/$dev$/$md$5$ with one

of the $5$ disks as spare disk and mount it on $/$raid$5$ with file system xfs$.$

$9.$ Assign user and group ownership to yourself and populate $/$raid$5$ with non$-$zero size files r$5$test$1,$ r$5$test$2$ and r$5$test$3$

without using sudo

SCREENSHOTS:

a$)$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat b$)$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$5$ c$)$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$5$ anydisk d$)$ ls$-$ld $/$raid$5$;ls$-$l $/$raid$5$;df $-$Th $/$raid$5$

NEST$207$ LAB $03$ Linux Storage $$ RAID

Page $2$ of $2$

$10.$ Simulate any one of the disks in $/$dev$/$md$5$ array for failure, and note the spare disk being replaced for the faulty

disk.Following SCREENSHOTS required at each stage given below

Aftersetting $1$ disk as failed After failed disk removed After spare disk replaced

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$5$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$5$ disk$\_$failed

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$5$;ls $-$l $/$raid$5$;df $-$Th $/$raid$5$

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$5$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$5$ any$\_$arraydisk

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$5$;ls $-$l $/$raid$5$;df $-$Th $/$raid$5$

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$5$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$5$ disk$\_$replaced

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$5$;ls $-$l $/$raid$5$;df $-$Th $/$raid$5$

PART $$ D : RAID $6($ same PART$-$B SCREENSHOTS are required using RAID$6)$

$11.$ Using the $6$ x $100$MB hard disks, partition each disk as single partition and then create RAID$6$ as $/$dev$/$md$6$ with two

of the $6$ disks as spare disk and mount it on $/$raid$6$ with file system xfs$.$

$12.$ Take user and group ownership for yourself and populate with files greater than zero at r$6$test$1,$ r$6$test$2,$ r$6$test$3$ in

$/$raid$6$

$13.$ Display raid$6$ information by using all three ways. $($SCREENSHOT$)$

$14.$ Demonstrate Raid$6$ redundancy of two disks and the functioning ofspare disks in raid array. Following SCREENSHOTS

required at each stage given below

Aftersetting $2$ disks as failed After $2$ failed disks removed After spare disks are replaced

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$6$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$6$ any$\_$disk$\_$failed

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$6$;ls $-$l $/$raid$6$;df $-$Th $/$raid

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$6$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$6$ any$\_$arraydisk

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$6$;ls $-$l $/$raid$6$;df $-$Th $/$raid$6$

$$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat

$$ mdadm $-$D $/$dev$/$md$6$

$$ mdadm $-$E $/$dev$/$md$6$ any$\_$disk$\_$replaced

$$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$6$;ls $-$l $/$raid$6$;df $-$Th $/$raid$6$

SCREENSHOTS $$ After completing the lab the following screenshots need to be taken.

a$.$ cat $/$proc$/$mdstat b$.$ cat $/$etc$/$mdadm$.$conf c$.$ df $-$Th $/$raid$1/$raid$5/$raid$6$ d$.$ ls $-$ld $/$raid$1/$raid$5/$raid$6$

e$.$ ls $-$l $/$raid$1/$raid$5/$raid$6$

PART$-$E: CONFIGURE MOUNT POINT TO BE PERSISTENT

$1.$ Change root password to a password you can remember

NOTE : $($in case system fails to restart after entries in $/$etc$/$fstab$)$

$2.$ Due to entries in $/$etc$/$fstab$,$ the system may enter in emergency mode or rescue mode due to entries in

$/$etc$/$fstab file.

$3.$ In the emergency mode, enter root password to log in as root user.

$4.$ Now edit $/$etc$/$fstab file, correct error in the line you have added, save and reboot OR you can comment

the line you have added by typing # at start of that line to correct it later after successful boot up$.$

$5.$ Do not comment or alter the lines that has been added by system $(/$boot$,/,$ swap