Part IV$.$ Carbohydrate Chemistry $(14$ points$)$

Shown below is the molecule raffinose. It is a trisaccharide that is found in beans, cabbage,

and other vegetables. Since humans do not have the $-$galactosidase enzymes necessary to

hydrolyze the $-$glyosidic linkage between the two aldohexoses D$-$galactose and D$-$glucose in

this trisaccharide, it proceeds through the stomach undigested. It is then fermented by gas$-$

producing bacteria found in the intestines causing gas and bloating. Beano is a product

available in stores that contains the $-$galactosidase enzymes needed break down raffinose and

can be taken with these foods to prevent gas.

How many monosaccharides are produced when raffinose is completely hydrolyzed?

What are the names of two sugars that are produced after complete hydrolyzation?

$($Bonus point for naming the $3^{rd}$ ketohexose$)$

Label with an asterisk ${(}^{**})$ each of the anomeric carbons.

Number the carbons around monosaccharide that comprises raffinose

Add an arrow pointing to the two glycosidic linkages and label it as $-$ or $-.$

Label any hemiacetal, hemiketal, acetal, or ketals present.

Circle the specific glycosidic bond that humans are not able to metabolize that Beano

has enzymes that are able to for you.

Someone who complaining about general bloating is looking through the aisle at your

local drug store and wants to know if Beano is going to solve all their stomach

problems? What do you tell them?