Part of your task as a scholar-practitioner is to act as a critical consumer of research and ask informed questions of published material. Sometimes, claims are made that do not match the results of the analysis. Unfortunately, this is why statistics is sometimes unfairly associated with telling lies. These misalignments might not be solely attributable to statistical nonsense but also "user error." One of the greatest areas of user error is within the practice of hypothesis testing and interpreting statistical significance. As you continue to consume research, be sure and read everything with a critical eye and call out statements that do not match the results.

For this question, you will examine statistical significance and meaningfulness based on sample statements.

For the following scenario, please answer the following:

• Evaluate critically the sample size.
• Evaluate critically the statements for meaningfulness.
• Evaluate critically the statements for statistical significance.
• Provide an explanation of the implications for social change based on your evaluation.

The scenario is the following:

A study has results that seem fine but there is no clear association to social change. What is missing?

A correlation test was conducted to determine whether a relationship exists between level of income and job satisfaction. The sample consisted of 432 employees equally represented across public, private, and non-profit sectors.

The results of the test demonstrate a strong positive correlation between the two variables (r =.87, p < .01), showing that as level of income increases, job satisfaction increases as well.