Penalties Mark Ingils is a New Zealand tax resident. He works as a security officer in New Market and earns a salary. His other income is made up of rental income, dividends, and interest sourced from various investments in New Zealand and Australia. Mark recently engaged R&M Chartered Accountants, to prepare his 2019/20 income tax return. 

However, Mark made little effort to check the completeness of the information that he had on hand and gather the required information and documents. Mark is aware that his return will be prepared from the information provided by him to R&M Chartered Accountants. R & M subsequently used the information Mark had provided to complete his 2019/20 Tax returns. Mark later discovered that he had omitted providing information on $12,000 of rental income he earned in this period in New Zealand and $1,500 of dividends income from Australian shares. Required: Discuss whether you consider Mark would be subject to a shortfall civil penalty. 

If he is subject to a penalty, then what type of shortfall penalty is likely to be imposed. What can Mark do to reduce the amount of penalty if any is imposed? Provide legislative references to support your explanations.