Phoenix Management helps rental property owners find renters and charges the owners one-half of the first month's rent for this service. For August 2022, Phoenix expects to find renters for 100 apartments with an average first month's rent of $880. Budgeted cost data per tenant application for 2022 follow:

• Professional labor: 1.8 hours at $15.00 per hour
• Credit checks: $60.00

Phoenix expects other costs, including the lease payment for the building, secretarial help, and utilities, to be $4,000 per month. On average, Phoenix is successful in placing one tenant for every three applicants.

Actual rental applications in August 2022 were 270. Phoenix paid $8,800 for 450 hours of professional labor. Credit checks went up to $65 per application. Other costs in August 2022 (lease, secretarial help, and utilities) were $4,600. The average first monthly rentals for August 2022 were $1,000 per apartment unit for 90 units.

Required:

1. (a) What is the master budget variance for August 2022? (b) What is the total flexible budget variance for the month? (c) What is the sales volume variance for the month?

2. Determine the professional labor rate and labor efficiency variances for August 2022.