Phonology Semester 1, 2023 PRACTICAL 3 Due date 5pm, 26th May Weighting 25% Answer all three questions. QUESTION 1 10 points Proto-Romance is the name we give to the language from which Italian as well as languages such as Spanish, Portuguese, French & Romanian developed. (Proto-Romance in turn had developed from Latin, of course.) We can take selected words in Proto-Romance and show how, by an ordered set of phonological rules, they have developed into the modern-day Italian forms. Thats what you have to do in this question. You need to work out the phonological rules for turning the words in the left-hand column into the words in the right-hand column. Note unlike exercises we have been doing recently, you can just start with the forms in the left hand column as the underlying forms. You dont have to do any morphological analysis ~

Hint -	... but you might need to take syllable boundaries into account in formulating your rules PROTO-ROMANCE ITALIAN
1	fokus	fw?ko	fire
2	karus	karo	dear
3	tempus	t?mpo	time
4	kor	kw?re	heart
5	korpus	k?rpo	body
6	fel	fj?le	bile
7	kuattor	kwattro	four
8	kertus	??rto	certain
9	kaballus	kavallo	horse
10	mel	mj?le	honey
11	semper	s?mpre	always
12	fortem	f?rte	strong
13	volet	vw?le	he wants
14	bellus	b?llo	beautiful
15	kentum	??nto	one hundred

QUESTION 2 10 points In the table below some Modern Greek first person singular verb forms are listed, with the imperfective on the left, and the corresponding perfective on the right. Your task is to:

1. Identify the grammatical morphemes (ie. identify the verb inflections).
2. Identify the underlying forms of the verb stems.
3. Formulate the phonological rules required to yield the perfective & imperfective forms of the verb.

	Imperfective Aspect	Perfective Aspect
1	arxizo	I am starting	arxiso	I start
2	klevo	I am stealing	klepso	I steal
3	ani?o	I am opening	anikso	I open
4	prosexo	I am watching	prosekso	I watch
5	?rafo	I am writing	?rapso	I write
6	ktizo	I am building	ktiso	I build
7	jale?o	I am choosing	jalekso	I choose
8	kovo	I am cutting	kopso	I cut

QUESTION 3 5 points The following question is from the Odden textbook, it is the first exercise at the end of Chapter 9, pp319-320 (in the second edition, 2013/2015). The data comes from Lulubo, a language spoken in Sudan. Your task here is to identify the underlying form of the noun roots and any morphemes marking case. The question below also asks you to discuss what theoretically interesting property the data illustrates. You will need to work through Chapter 9 to address that. Identify underlying forms = 3 points Commenting on theory = 2 points

Attachments:

Phonology-202....pdf