Planet Light First (PLF), a producer of energy-efficient light bulbs, expects that demand will increase markedly over the next decade. Due to the high fixed costs involved in the business, PLF has decided to evaluate its financial performance using absorption costing income. The production-volume variance is written off to cost of goods sold. The variable cost of production is $2.70 per bulb. Fixed manufacturing costs are $1,160,000 per year. Variable and fixed selling and administrative expenses are $0.20 per bulb sold and $210,000, respectively. Because its light bulbs are currently popular with environmentally-conscious customers, PLF can sell the bulbs for $9.50 each. PLF is deciding among various concepts of capacity for calculating the cost of each unit produced. Requirement 1. If PLF sells all 250,000 bulbs produced, what would be the effect on operating income of using each type of capacity as a basis for calculating manufacturing cost per unit? (Label each variance as favorable (F) or unfavorable (U).) Data table Reference 1. If PLF sells all 250,000 bulbs produced, what would be the effect on operating income of using each type of capacity as a basis for calculating manufacturing cost per unit? 2. Compare the results of operating income at different capacity levels when 200,000 bulbs are sold and when 250,000 bulbs are sold. What conclusion can you draw from the comparison? 3. Using the original data (that is, 250,000 units produced and 200,000 units sold) if PLF had used the proration approach to allocate the production-volume variance, what would operating income have been under each level of capacity? (Assume that there is no ending work in process.)