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44 allows airlines to develop real-time pricing strategies for flights based upon historical demand for seats versus current demand. Advertising b. Sales promotion c. Total quality management d. Yield management 45. In the step of marketing research, the researcher is processing the data to put it in a form that allows interpretation and the assignment of meaning to the numbers. a. communicating market research results and making recommendations b. data analysis C. data collection d. setting research objectives 46. Which of the following would not be an example of the trade-off between risk and return in finance? a. A company waits to pay its bills on their due date at the end of the month instead of today. b. An insured bank savings account earns less interest than the bonds of a company with massive debt. c. An investor understands that investment alternatives with potentially higher returns usually also involve a greater potential for loss. d. As someone approaches retirement, they put more of their money in safer investment alternatives that focus on preserving their savings instead of chasing higher returns. 47. The competitive dynamics of the soft drink industry will not allow Coke and Pepsi to compete successfully at above market prices. Therefore, the pricing objective in this industry is a. price elasticity of demand b. profit maximization c. sales maximization d. status quo 48. Instead of making its turkey panini sandwiches to order, suppose a restaurant makes them to near- completion and waits until customers specify the condiments they want until they press the paninis. The technique this restaurant is using is known as a. inventory manipulation b. postponement c. process control d. yield management 49 research is the most common type of marketing research and involves counting numbers of respondents who have certain characteristics or behaviors. a. Causal b. Descriptive c. Exploratory d. Secondary 50. Which of the following is an example of a company using equity financing? a. Arizona Iced Coffee sells 1,000,000 shares of stock at $10 per share to raise money for expansion. b. California Pita Kitchen issues $10,000,000 in corporate bonds to raise money for expansion. c. Kentucky Fried Catfish borrows $10,000,000 from a commercial bank to finance future expansion. d. Texas Toadhouse uses its accounts receivable as collateral to secure a $10,000,000 loan to finance future expansion