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Question 3 1 pts If the inflation rate is positive, the nominal interest rate is higher than the real interest rate O the real interest rate is higher than the nominal interest rate Question 4 1 pts The modern formulation of the Fisher effect, after economist Irving Fisher (1867-1947), relates the nominal interest rate to O actual future inflation O expected future inflation Question 5 1 pts In data from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the gold standard was in effect, high nominal interest rates O accompanied high inflation did not accompany high inflation