Styles 45) Chemical digestion reduces large complex molecules to simpler compounds by the process of A) mastication B) catabolism C) anabolism D) excretion 46) The venous structure. A) liver B) spleen C) pancreas D) stomach 47) Digestion and absorption of which of the following would be affected the most if the liver were severely damaged? I A) lipids B) carbohydrates contains lobules with sinusoids (lined with macrophages) that lead to a central C) proteins D) starches 48) The dental formula for an adult is 2-1-2-3. What does the 1 stand for? A) incisor tooth B) molar tooth C) premolar tooth D) canine tooth 49) The lamina propria is composed of A) loose connective tissue B) dense, irregular connective tissue C) dense regular connective tissue D) reticular, connective tissue 50) Which of the following is (are) NOT important as a stimulus in the gastric phase of gastric secretion? A) distention B) carbohydrates C) peptides D) low acidity 51) The function of goblet cells is to A) absorb nutrients from digested food and store them for future use B) produce mucus that protects parts of the digestive organs from the effects of powerful enzymes needed for food digestion C) secrete buffers in order to keep the pH of the digestive tract close to neutral D) provide protection against invading bacteria and other disease-causing organisms that enter the digestive tract in food 52) Which of the following is an essential role played by large intestine bacteria? A) produce gas B) absorb bilirubin C) synthesis of vitamin K D) synthesize vitamins C and D I 53) Nervous control of gastric secretion is provided by A) somatic neurons in the spinal cord B) the vagus nerve and enteric plexus C) the rubrospinal tracts D) the reticulospinal and vestibulospinal tracts 54) Which of the following are types of papillae on the tongue that contain taste buds? A) fungiform and circumvallate B) palatine and circumvallate circumvallate and filiform Paragraph 55) Which of the following produce intrinsic factor? A) parietal cells B) zymogenic cells C) mucous neck cells D) enteroendocrine cells G 56) Which of the following enzymes would be most active in the presence of high concentrations of protein fragments? A) dextrinase, B) amylase C) uvula D) terminal sulcus C) trypsin D) lipase 57) A child with restricted tongue movement may have a surgery that involves the cutting of the A) lingual frenulum B) palatine tonsils 58) Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the large intestine? A) It does not contain villi. B) It exhibits external muscular bands called teniae coli. Styles C) It is longer than the small intestine. D) It has pocket-like sacs called haustra 59) What stomach secretion is necessary for normal hemoglobin production in RBCs? A) HCI B) pepsinogen C) intrinsic factor D) gastric lipase I 60) Select the correct statement about the regulation of gastric secretion. A) Vagus stimulation of the stomach results in decreased secretion of gastric juice. B) The presence of food in the stomach prevents hormonal control of gastric secretion. C) Gastric secretion can be stimulated before food has entered the mouth. D) Gastric secretion is enhanced by very low pH (below a pH of 2). 61) Paneth cells A) secrete digestive enzymes B) secrete hormones C) secrete enzymes that kill bacteria D) secrete bicarbonate ions 62) Select the correct statement about absorption. A) Eighty percent of ingested materials have been absorbed by the end of the large intestine. B) Carbohydrates diffuse across the mucosal endothelium and are then actively transported into blood capillaries. C) In the rare case that intact, whole proteins are transported across the mucosal endothelium, an immune response may be generated. D) Amino acid transport is linked to chloride transport. 63) Which is NOT true of lipid absorption? A) Fatty acids and monoglycerides are absorbed passively by diffusion. B) Products of lipid digestion are transported to the blood by the lymphatic system. C) Fatty acids and monoglycerides are packaged with proteins to form chylomicrons. D) Enterocytes require the presence of lipoprotein lipase to effectively absorb micelles. 64) The ingestion of a meal high in fat content would cause which of the following to occur? A) Increased production of trypsinogen. I B) This type of food would cause secretion of gastrin to cease, resulting in faster gastric emptying. C) Bile would be released from the gallbladder to emulsify the fat in the duodenum. D) The acid secretions from the stomach would be sufficient to digest this food but may cause heartburn. 65) Hormones or paracrines that inhibit gastric secretion include A) ACH B) secretin C) gastrin D) histamine