please answer all the questionss.,.within 30 minutes. make sure the explanation and reasons are explained in very detailed manner. else leave it for other tutor otherwise i will give negative ratings and will also report your answer for unprofessionalism. Make sure the answer is 100% correct and IS NOT COPIED FROM ANYWHERE ELSE YOUR ANSWER WILL DOWNVOTED AND REPORTED STRAIGHTAWAY. USE YOUR OWN LANGUAGE WHILST WRITING.

ATTEMPT THE QUESTION ONLY IF YOU ARE 100% CORRECT AND SURE. ELSE LEAVE IT FOR ANOTHER TUTOR. BUT PLEASE DONT PUT WRONG ANSWER ELSE I WILL REPORT.

MAKE SURE THE ANSWER IS WELL EXPLAINED AND DETAILED.

Business and Society case studyv'homework South Africa's Ethical Dilemma Heemal BhagaMuliee, Head ofAudit Over the last few years, South Africa has been at the top of the leader board regarding unethical behaviour. In recent times, the ZUPTA state capture claims have further demonstrated how entrenched unethical behaviour is in this country. Even the auditing profession with its stringent independence and ethical requirements taught as part of the curriculum at university is now being dragged into the debacle. Earlier this year, the Independent Regulatory Board for Auditors (I REA], exposed several auditors who were accused of consistently contravening its professional standards and the law. In the words of South Africa's Auditor General, Kimi Makwetu, the credibility of the accounting profession in South Africa is in the gutter. The industry as a whole tooka mammoth knock, with scandal after scandal being brought to the fore, leaving one of the country's most trusted industries scrambling to pick up the pieces of its credibility. I proceeded to search fora definition of ethics and this is what I found: Moral principles that govern a person's behaviour orthe conducting of an activity. One would think that moral principles are foundations that should be taught or demonstrated during childhood. The reality is that bribing traffic officers or making excuses not to receive a fine are considered by many as acceptable practises in South Africa. Speeding is tolerable if you are late for work or late to drop off the kids at school. Throwing your unwanted waste out the car window is also a norm. Lying about your skills and experience to get a job is also acceptable, as some of our politicians in government have been found out to have clone. There is a glaring absence of consequence for all wrong doing, says Makwetu, and I agree. I tend to see a blurred line as to what South Africans find ethical. It seems that we keep pointing fingers at one another and have been influenced by the behaviour of others in justifying our compromised moral principles. Ifthe masses are doing it then it's acceptable. Except we downplay the effects of this thought process on our future generation. "We need to have leaders who will be guided by principle and adhere to what will be good forthe common people all round," said President Cyril Ramaphosa, words to live by. I see my child learning from these actions from either myself or others and I wonder, how will they make the change? How rill young South Africans transform? I believe that ethics cannot be taught but rather demonstrated; the classic "do asl say, not as I do" mentality needs to end. It has to start with the simplest ofthings like accepting when we are wrong and learning from our mistakes. This will create a culture of accountability, and that in my eyes will be the biggest breakthrough. Young or old, auditor or politician, black or white, we will all benefit from accepting this truth and seeking to improve. We are a young specie, who at times display great potential, and at other times our own worst enemies. In the auditing profession trust and credibility needs to be restored. Auditors report on reportable irregularities to the IRBA, but this is not made public. Maybe there should be a mechanism whereby this information becomes public knowledge so as to alert the public of the irregularity and give them the comfort that the auditors are delivering on their responsibilities. Certain audit firms turn away clients of questionable reputation and otherfirms accept them. The auditing profession should stand together and decline appointment as auditors of these clients, thereby forcing the shareholders and board ofdirectors to deal with the individuals with questionable reputation and appoint individuals with good standing and reputation. Audit committees need to improve on their skill sets and also be responsible for the audit tender process, rather than delegating this responsibility to management. The members of the audit committee are independent non-executive directors who should be able to select auditors not based on price or prior affiliations, but by expertise, capability and audit quality. There is also an expectation in the market that the role of an auditor is to detect fraud. This is not true. There needs to be further education to the public as to the role and responsibility of an auditor and that will bridge the expectation gap. Let us start with reflecting upon ourselves and being accountable to one another in the simplest of actions, and maybe, just maybe, the future generation of South Africa will un-blur the lines and build the will to do what is right. lQuestion: Explain in the context ofthe case study why making ethical decisions can be difficult for a variety of reasons as listed for guidance ethical decision making can be difficult for many reasons, some ofthese reason that tyou can use are listed below but should not be limited to, please make sure you use the case stud y to refence each point: * Managers may confuse facts and values when making decisions. Ethical decisions are about what ought to be not what is. I Good and evil exist simultaneously. Actions can create both. I Knowledge of consequences is limited. I The existence of multiple stakeholders exposes managers to conflicting ethical claims. I Antagonistic interests frequently use incompatible ethical arguments because their underlying values are different. I Some ethical standards are variable and change over time and place. I Human imperfection complicates decisions. I The effects of science and technology present managers with new ethical problems lacking settled solutions