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3. [20 points) a) A person in the US uses an average of 300 Gigajoules of primary energy per year. On a continuous basis, day and night, how many kilowatts of primary energy does the person use? b) A person uses 300 gallons of gasoline, and 10,000 kWh of electricity per year. How much coal, natural gas or biomass would be needed each year to make electricity for this person? For biomass or solar how much land would be needed? The following list gives the energy content of some primary energy sources: Coal 28 GJ/tonne Natural gas 1 GJ/1000 cubic feet Biomass 18 GJ/ dry tonne; one hectare of land produces 15 dry tonnes Oil 6 GJ per barrel (42 gallons per barrel) Solar energy maximum = 1 kW/m: US average - 200 watts/m gasoline 1 gallon = 0.12 GJ These sources can be converted to electricity, heat and transportation fuels with the following energy conversion efficiencies. Coal can be converted to electricity at 40% efficiency Biomass can be converted to electricity at 40% efficiency Natural gas can be converted to electricity @ 50% efficiency, heat @ 80% eff. Oil can be converted to gasoline at 90% efficiency