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5. (15 marks] For each of the following logical arguments, either provide a formal proof showing the argument is valid, or an assignments of truth values that shows the argument is invalid. a. The argument is valid O invalid (circle one): 1. ~ ce~e 2. db 3. a ~f 4. ~ane 5. f :~d A~e If you stated the argument is invalid, provide an invalidating truth assignment here: b= d= a = C= e = If you stated the argument is valid, provide a proof here (you can delete the rows you don't need): inference rule 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20